SQL basics- complete reference guide - part1 - DML

Part1: DML-Data Manipulation Language

Command	Description	SYNTAX	Example
SELECT	Selects data from a table or multiple tables.	SELECT [ TOP term ] [ DISTINCT | ALL ] selectExpression [,...] FROM tableExpression [,...] [ WHERE expression ] [ GROUP BY expression [,...] ] [ HAVING expression ] [ { UNION [ ALL ] | MINUS | EXCEPT | INTERSECT } select ] [ ORDER BY order [,...] ] [ LIMIT expression [ OFFSET expression ] [ SAMPLE_SIZE rowCountInt ] ] [ FOR UPDATE ]
INSERT	Inserts a new row / new rows into a table.	INSERT INTO tableName [ ( columnName [,...] ) ] { VALUES { ( { DEFAULT | expression } [,...] ) } [,...] | [ DIRECT ] [ SORTED ] select }
UPDATE	Updates data in a table.	UPDATE tableName [ [ AS ] newTableAlias ] SET { columnName= { DEFAULT | expression } } [,...] [ WHERE expression ]
DELETE	Deletes rows form a table.	DELETE FROM tableName [ WHERE expression ]
BACKUP	Backs up the database files to a .	BACKUP TO fileNameString
CALL	Calculates a simple expression.	CALL expression
EXPLAIN	Shows the execution plan for a statement.	EXPLAIN { [ PLAN FOR ] | ANALYZE } { select | insert | update | delete | merge }
MERGE	Updates existing rows, and insert rows that don't exist.	MERGE INTO tableName [ ( columnName [,...] ) ] [ KEY ( columnName [,...] ) ] { VALUES { ( { DEFAULT | expression } [,...] ) } [,...] | select }
RUNSCRIPT	Runs a SQL script from a file.	RUNSCRIPT FROM fileNameString [ scriptCompression ] [ CIPHER cipher PASSWORD string ] [ CHARSET charsetString ]
SCRIPT	Creates a SQL script from the database.	SCRIPT [ SIMPLE ] [ NODATA ] [ NOPASSWORDS ] [ NOSETTINGS ] [ DROP ] [ BLOCKSIZE blockSizeInt ] [ TO fileNameString [ scriptCompression ]     [ CIPHER cipher PASSWORD string ] ] [ CHARSET charsetString ]
SHOW	Lists the schemas, tables, or the columns of a table.	SHOW { SCHEMAS | TABLES [ FROM schemaName ] |     COLUMNS FROM tableName [ FROM schemaName ] }